Getting a full motorcycle licence in the UK could take you years, or just weeks. Which path you choose depends on your age, your riding goals, and the kind of motorcycle you want to ride. But no matter which route you take, learning to ride is one of the most fun things you’ll ever do.

The first licences were sold over the counter at your local post office for 5 shillings, with no test or question of competence. Thankfully, those days are long gone. Today’s licensing system may seem complex, but the series of training sessions and tests make our roads safer for everyone. Better yet,  it makes riding a motorcycle way more fun.

So, if you’re ready to throw a leg over a motorbike, you’re in the right place. Our complete guide will cruise through everything you need to know. We’ll demystify the different licence categories, break down the costs, and give you the best tips for passing your theory and practical tests. Read on to start your journey.

Getting to know the UK motorcycle licence levels

UK motorcycle licences are tiered by the power of the motorbike you want to ride and your age. It can seem a little complicated, but it’s a simple approach that builds your skills alongside the power of your machine. We’ve broken down the licence categories and route to each to make it simple to understand.

Start here: Compulsory Basic Training (CBT)

Any rider interested in a full UK motorcycle licence needs to start with Compulsory Basic Training. The certificate you get once you successfully complete the course isn’t a licence, per se. Rather, it’s a permit to learn to ride. You need to carry it with your provisional or full driving licence to be legal on the roads.

The only reason you wouldn’t need to get your CBT certificate is if you had a full motorcycle licence from the EU or one of the 15 EEC designated countries. If that’s the case, you can swap your foreign motorcycle licence for a UK one. Or if you’ve held a driving licence before February 1st, 2001 and only want to ride a 50cc moped, you’re good to go.

There’s a few other rules you need to know about CBT certificates too…

• You must be 16 or older to take a CBT course.
• You’ll be limited to a moped up to 50ccs if you’re younger than 17. If you’re 17 or older, you can ride up to 125ccs with a maximum power output to 11 kW (roughly 14.7 bph)
• The CBT certificate is valid for two years. After that, you’ll need to repeat the CBT course or have a full motorcycle licence to keep riding on UK roads.
• You MUST display ‘L’ plates.
• You can’t carry a pillion passenger.
• You can’t ride on motorways. 

Moving on to a full UK motorcycle licence

If you don’t fancy retraining every two years to keep riding, or you’d like a larger bike, you’ll need to move ahead to a full UK motorcycle licence. Full motorcycle licences come in four types—AM, A1, A2 and A. There are two ways you can get these licences:

• The progressive route: Training for the next level licence when you’re old enough to do so. For example, after gaining your CBT certificate at 16, you’ll train for the A1 licence between your 17th and 19th birthdays. Between the ages of 19 and 24, you’ll get your A2 licence, then move up to a full unrestricted A licence once you’ve held the A2 licence for 2 years or more.
• Direct Access Scheme (DAS) route: This training lets you train for, and gain, the highest possible licence level for your age and riding goals. For example, you could get your CBT certificate at age 20 then take training and tests to get an A2 licence.

Our breakdown of the four licence levels below will help you figure out which licence is best for you.

AM – moped licence

This is ideal if you only ever plan to ride a moped. You’ll need to take a theory and practical test to get a full AM moped licence. Once you have this, there’s no requirement for renewing it. There are a few restrictions you need to be aware of:

• Age Restriction: you must be 16 or over.
• Bike Limitations: You can ride a moped (2 or 3 wheels) up to 50cc with a top speed of 28 mph (45 km/h).
• Key Points: You don’t need to display ‘L’ plates and you can carry a pillion passenger.
• Legal roads for riding: You cannot ride on a motorway. That’s because your moped isn’t powerful enough to keep up with the flow of faster traffic.

A1 – light motorcycle licence

This full motorcycle licence lets you ride a larger bike (up to 125cc) without CBT restrictions. There’s no requirement to have it renewed or to move up the licence levels if a 125cc motorbike is powerful enough for you.

• Age Restriction: 17 and over.
• Bike Limitations: You can ride any motorcycle up to 125cc, with a power output no greater than 11 kW.
• Key Points: You can ditch the ‘L’ plates, you’re no longer a learner! You can ride on motorways, and can carry a passenger.

A2 – restricted, medium powered motorcycle licence

This licence lets you ride a more powerful machine than the A1 licence, but with some power restrictions. Some riders are happy with the range of roughly 550cc powered motorcycles this licence gives them access to and never want to progress to an unrestricted licence. Others of us feel the need to wrap our legs around a more powerful machine, so this is simply a stepping stone to the pinnacle of UK motorcycle licences, the unrestricted A motorcycle licence.

• Age Restriction: 19 and over.
• Bike Limitations: You can ride a motorcycle with a maximum power output of 35 kW (around 47 bhp, roughly 550 to 600ccs). A key rule is that the bike must not be derived from a vehicle with more than twice that power (i.e. a bike with more than 70 kW as standard cannot be restricted for an A2 licence).
• Key Points: You can get this licence through the Direct Access Scheme (DAS) at 19, or you can “progress” to it if you have held an A1 licence for at least two years.

A – an unrestricted motorcycle licence

This is the end of the road for UK motorcycle licence levels and the ultimate aim for many riders. Although true motorcycle mastery is a lifelong pursuit. This licence allows you to ride any bike of any engine size or power output.

• Age Restriction & Access Routes:
  • Direct Access Scheme (DAS): This route is for riders who are 24 years old or over. You take your practical tests on a large, powerful motorcycle (at least 595cc) to get your unrestricted licence in one go.
  • Progressive Access: If you get your A2 licence at 19 years old, you can take your practical tests again after holding it for two years to upgrade to a full A licence.
• Bike Limitations: None. With a full A licence, the world of motorcycles is your oyster.
• Key Points: True motorcycle mastery is a lifelong pursuit. There’s always more to learn. Refining rider techniques and continuing to develop your skills is done through regular riding and advanced training. These courses make you a better rider and often lead to lower insurance premiums.

Getting your full motorcycle licence

If moving on to a full licence is your aim, there are a few tests you’ll need to pass along the way. First up is your theory test. You must pass this before you can take any of the practical riding tests. In fact, the motorcycle licence tests have to be taken in a specific order and each test passed before you can progress to the next. That order is outlined for you below.

The Motorcycle Theory Test

Before you can book any practical tests, you’ll need a pass certificate for the motorcycle theory test. You’ll need either a provisional or full licence to book this test. This is the same for all full license categories (AM, A1, A2, and A). The test is taken at an official test centre and is split into two parts:

Part 1: Q & A

• There are 50 questions on topics such as the Highway Code, traffic signs, and general riding theory with multiple-choice answers.
• You have 57 minutes to complete this section. You can mark some questions you’re unsure of to come back to and you can complete all questions in less than 57 minutes.
• You must score at least 43 out of 50 to pass. Some questions will be about a short video clip you watch first.

Part 2: Hazard perception

• This part of the test has 14 video clips of everyday road scenes.
• You need to click the mouse as soon as you spot a hazard developing. These hazards are scenarios that would cause you to take some sort of action, like changing speed or direction.
• One of the clips contains two developing hazards. You can score up to 5 points for each hazard.
• You must score a minimum of 44 out of 75 to pass.

Both parts of the theory test are taken on the same day. You must pass each to complete your theory test successfully and you must pass the Q&A part to progress to the hazard perception part. Your pass certificate is valid for two years.

You should prepare for the test by reading the Highway Code, Know Your Traffic Signs, and Riding: The Essential Skills. You should also take the online practice tests, they’ll help you know exactly what to expect. The official DVSA (Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency) books, apps, and websites cover everything you need to know.

Time to ride: your practical motorcycle tests

Once you’ve passed your theory test, you can move on to the practical training and tests. The practical test is divided into two modules. Module 1 is away from public roads. Module 2 takes you into public traffic. You can book these tests together but they’re usually taken on different days. You’ll need to pass Module 1 before you can take Module 2. If you don’t pass module 1, you’ll need to wait three business days before you can retake the test. 

Module 1: the off-road test

You’ll be showing your motorcycle control skills to the examiner in a controlled, off-road environment (a multi-purpose test centre, or MPTC). This test typically lasts around 20 minutes. The aim is to show you know how to handle your motorcycle at low speeds and in an emergency.

You will be asked to…

• Wheel the bike and use the stand.
• Complete a smooth slalom and figure-of-eight exercise.
• Take a slow ride and U-turn.
• Corner and make a controlled stop.
• Corner and make an emergency stop (at a minimum of 32 mph / 50 km/h).
• Corner and complete a hazard avoidance exercise (at a minimum of 32 mph / 50 km/h).

You can get up to 5 “riding faults” but any serious or dangerous fault will result in an immediate fail. It’s nerve wracking, so it’s good to take these tests as close to your motorcycle training day as possible.

Module 2: the on-road test

This module tests your ability to ride safely and competently in real traffic conditions. It lasts for around 40 minutes and begins with a few checks and questions.

Preliminary Checks:

• An eyesight test (reading a number plate from 20 metres).
• Two “show me, tell me” vehicle safety questions.

The Road Ride:

• The examiner will follow you on a motorcycle and give you directions via a one-way radio.
• You will be asked to demonstrate your riding skills in various scenarios, including roundabouts, junctions, traffic lights, and on different types of roads.

Independent Riding:

• For about 10 minutes, you will be asked to follow traffic signs to a specific destination or follow a series of simple directions. It doesn’t matter if you make a wrong turn, as long as you do it safely.

To pass, there can’t be any serious or dangerous faults and no more than 10 riding faults. If you fail Module 2, you must wait 10 working days before you can try again. Dedicated training with a qualified instructor makes all the difference, helping you master these skills and build confidence to pass on test day.

How much does it cost to get a UK motorcycle licence?

It’s a simple enough question, but the answer isn’t the same for everyone. Of course, the official test fees are fixed, but the bulk of your motorcycle licence cost is the cost of training. Because your path to getting a licence is different from the next person, the price varies from person to person.

We’ve broken down the fees into official costs and average training costs. Training prices vary depending on the school you choose, the location (London prices are often higher), and sometimes the time of year (although our fees are the same year-round).

Official DVSA licence and test fees

• Provisional Licence: £34 if you apply online (£43 if you post your D1 application for a licence to the DVLA)
• Motorcycle Theory Test: £23
• Module 1 Practical Test (Off-Road): £15.50
• Module 2 Practical Test (On-Road): £75 (weekdays) or £88.50 (evenings, weekends, and bank holidays)

If you’re working towards a UK motorcycle licence after gaining a full driving licence, there’s no need to get a provisional licence. And there’s a few caveats for the motorcycle theory test depending on which path to a full licence you take.

Do I need to take my motorcycle theory test?

If you’ve never held a full motorcycle licence, you’ll need to take a motorcycle theory test before taking any of your practical tests. But if you’re moving up licence levels, you may not need to retake the theory test. Once again, it depends on your particular circumstances.

• If you’ve got an A1 licence and held it for more than two years, you can upgrade to the A2 licence without retaking a theory test. This is because the DVSA class this as progressive access.
• If you’re an A1 licence holder and want to upgrade to a full A licence after holding the A1 licence for more than 2 years (and you’re old enough to do that), you’ll need to retake your theory test because you’re skipping the A2 licence. 
• If you’ve got an A2 licence and have had this for two years or more before testing for your A licence, no new theory test is required (this is progressive access).

Motorcycle training costs

This is where the real investment in your riding journey happens. Training costs and the amount of time you’ll need to reach a level of competence on a motorcycle vary.

Our prices include everything you need for your training days, aside from your boots and lunch. Some motorcycle training schools charge separately for petrol, insurance and your riding gear. Make sure you know exactly what’s covered in your training fees to avoid any unpleasant surprises. Our motorcycle training prices can vary from school to school depending on the location, which is why we’ve listed our base price.

Compulsory Basic Training (CBT): Our one-day course costs start at £180. How long your CBT certificate training takes is a personal thing, but our experienced instructors are dedicated to getting you there in a way that works best for you. Most students achieve their DL196 certification after a day of training, some take a little more time and others a little less. 

Full Licence Training Packages: Our Direct Access Scheme training packages begin at £790 and include everything you need for your motorcycle training as well as your bike hire and costs for taking your Module 1 and 2 tests. The cost is a reflection of the number of training days required to get you to the test standard.

Fast-track motorcycle training: Only available for experienced riders. These training packages start at £690. They’re condensed so the number of training days are limited, hence the restriction to experienced riders only.

Other motorcycle licence costs

It’s not just training and testing you need to budget for. Once you get your licence you’ll need more than a motorcycle. Protective equipment is essential. Don’t forget these additional expenses when budgeting for your licence:

• Protective Equipment: Most training schools will lend you a helmet, jacket, and gloves for your course. But when you pass your test, you’ll need your own. A basic set of riding gear starts from around £300.
• Retest Fees: If you don’t pass a test on your first attempt, you will need to pay for a new test fee. You’ll also need to pay for additional training to prepare for the retest.

Cost-saving tips for motorcycle training

Motorcycle training and testing fees may seem high, but you can manage the costs to minimise expense and maximise the value you get from your investment.

• Choose a Quality Training Provider: The most significant factor affecting your total cost is your ability to pass first time. A good training school with experienced instructors will make you a safer rider. A great training school will also book your tests as close to your training days as possible and build your skills and confidence to a level you can pass your tests efficiently. That will save you the cost of any retakes.
• Book a Training Package: Training schools with all-inclusive packages that often are cheaper than booking training and tests individually. These packages are tailored to your experience level, so you aren’t paying for more training than you need.
• Get Your Theory Test Done Early: The theory test pass is valid for two years. Passing it early means you can focus solely on the practical training when you are ready to start.
• Practice, Practice, Practice: The more you prepare for your theory test, the less likely you are to have to pay for a retake. Read up on the road rules and Highway Code. For practical training, practicing your skills (safely, on the appropriate vehicle) can help reduce the number of training hours you need to get test-ready.

The best way to save money is to do your homework and choose quality motorcycle training that helps you pass your tests with confidence the first time around.

Tips for passing your motorcycle licence tests with confidence

Passing your motorcycle test might seem like a daunting challenge, but it’s a challenge you can take on with the right training and preparation. Your training school is your biggest asset here, but there are plenty of things you can do to boost your chances.

Effective Practice Methods

Consistent and smart practice is key to turning new skills into second nature.

• Master the basics (and beyond): Before you even book your CBT course, there are things you can do to prepare for the tests ahead. Make time to build your two-wheeled skills with a bicycle. Balancing on a bike isn’t that different from balancing on a motorcycle. So grab your bike from the shed and . Focus on slow riding, figures of eights and u-turns. Your muscle memory will make learning to ride a motorcycle easier and smoother.
• Aim for excellence: Don’t just aim to scrape a pass; aim for mastery. Keep practising your low-speed control, clutch use, and braking. For Module 1, repeatedly drill the U-turn, emergency stop, and hazard avoidance until they feel completely natural. Practice observing your blind spots (‘lifesaver’ checks) before every move and they’ll become automatic behaviours. If you feel you need additional practice time, consider booking further Mod 1 or Mod 2 training to hone your skills.
• Know your test centre: If possible, spend some time riding around your chosen test centre. Familiarise yourself with the roads leading to it, any tricky junctions, and speed limits. While you won’t ride the exact test route beforehand, understanding the local road layout can reduce your nerves on test day.
• Mock tests are gold: Many of the training exercises will mimic the real test conditions, so pay attention and get comfortable with the instructor’s directions and be open to listening when they identify any areas that still need work. This is invaluable preparation. Remember, your instructor wants you to succeed!
• Theory test reinforcement: Even after passing your theory test, keep the Highway Code fresh in your mind. The practical test assesses your application of road rules, so a solid theoretical understanding helps you make safe and confident decisions on the road.

Common test mistakes to avoid

Many riders trip up on similar errors. Being aware of what they are will help you avoid doing the same.

Module 1 (Off-Road) Mistakes:

• Observations: Failing to perform essential ‘lifesaver’ shoulder checks before moving off, before and during turns, or before changing direction within the test area. This is a very common fault.
• Hitting cones: Contacting any marker cones during maneuvers. Pay attention to your lines, especially in the slalom and figure-of-eight. Practicing on a bicycle, or on a similar powered motorcycle to the one you’ll test on (if possible) will help.
• Keeping your speed up for speed exercises: Not reaching the minimum required speed (32 mph / 50 km/h) for the emergency stop and hazard avoidance exercises. Practice accelerating briskly and smoothly.
• Putting your foot down: Putting your foot down during slow control exercises (slalom, figure-of-eight, slow ride, U-turn). Focus on clutch control and rear brake balance.
• Poor braking: Not using both brakes effectively for controlled and emergency stops. Remember to apply the front brake progressively and firmly.

Module 2 (On-Road) Mistakes:

• Observations (Again!): This is the top reason for Module 2 failures. Failing to make effective observations (mirrors, lifesavers) at junctions, before changing lanes, or before signaling. Remember your rider routines and practice, practice, practice!
• Road positioning: Incorrect road positioning at junctions, roundabouts, or when turning. Ensure you’re in the correct lane and position well in advance.
• Indicating: Forgetting to cancel indicators after a turn, or signaling too late or incorrectly. Make it a habit to check your indicators regularly.
• Speed control: Exceeding the speed limit or riding excessively slow for the conditions. Ride at an appropriate speed, matching traffic flow where safe and legal.
• Hesitation: Being overly hesitant at junctions or roundabouts when it’s safe to proceed. This can be marked as a ‘fault for undue hesitation’.
• Response to signs: Failing to react to road signs, markings, or traffic lights, or reacting too late.

Building confidence and skill

It’s not just about technical ability; your mindset on your test day plays a huge role.

• Trust your training: You’ve invested in professional training for a reason. Trust your instructor and the skills they’ve taught you. Try not to second-guess yourself during the test.
• Visualisation: Before your test, mentally walk through the maneuvers and road scenarios. Visualise yourself performing each task smoothly and correctly. This is a technique used by athletes before a race and it can help calm nerves while reinforcing muscle memory.
• Stay in the moment: If you make a small mistake, don’t dwell on it. It might only be a minor fault, and worrying about it can lead to more errors. Focus on the next instruction and the road ahead.
• Ask for clarification: If you don’t understand an examiner’s instruction, politely ask them to repeat it. It’s better to ask than to proceed incorrectly.
• Get enough rest: Ensure you get a good night’s sleep before your test. Being well-rested improves your concentration and reaction times.
• Hydration and nutrition: Stay hydrated and eat a good, balanced meal before your test. Avoid excessive caffeine, it can make nerves worse.
• Accept nerves are normal (and good): Everyone gets nervous. It shows you care and want to do well. Acknowledge the feeling, take a few deep breaths, and channel that energy into heightened focus. Your examiner expects some nerves.

Remember, the goal of the test is to prove you can ride safely and competently. By combining thorough preparation with a positive mindset, you can approach your test with confidence and achieve your goal of getting on the open road. Ready to put these tips into action? Book your motorcycle licence training with us and let us guide you to getting your motorcycle licence in the UK.